Rice rituals, such as those performed during planting, harvests and storage in Ifugao, have been witnessed and recorded by Spanish missionaries in the 1850s (Alarcon, 1857). In the rituals, deities were summoned and spirits were invoked to allow conditions for the successful production of rice in the villages. Each propertied kin group in Ifugao owned one ritual box.
Text: Prof. Dr. Leah Abayao